UPPER

Returns a VARCHAR value containing the argument converted to uppercase letters.

Starting in Release 5.1, this function treats the string argument as a UTF-8 encoded string, rather than depending on the collation setting of the locale (for example, collation=binary) to identify the encoding.

Behavior type

Syntax

UPPER ( expression )

Arguments

expression

CHAR or VARCHAR containing the string to convert

Notes

UPPER is restricted to 32500 octet inputs, since it is possible for the UTF-8 representation of result to double in size.

Examples

=> SELECT UPPER('AbCdEfG');
  UPPER
----------
 ABCDEFG
(1 row)
=> SELECT UPPER('étudiant');
  UPPER
----------
 ÉTUDIANT
(1 row)