CREATE FUNCTION (SQL)
Stores SQL expressions as functions for use in queries. User-defined SQL functions are useful for executing complex queries and combining Vertica built-in functions. You can call the function in a given query. If multiple SQL functions with the same name and argument types are in the search path, Vertica calls the first match that it finds.
SQL functions do not support complex types for arguments or return values.
SQL functions are flattened in all cases, including DDL.
Syntax
CREATE [ OR REPLACE ] FUNCTION [ IF NOT EXISTS ]
[[database.]schema.]function( [ argname argtype[,...] ] )
RETURN return_type
AS
BEGIN
RETURN expression;
END;
Arguments
OR REPLACE
- If a function of the same name and arguments exists, replace it. If you only change the function arguments, Vertica ignores this option and maintains both functions under the same name.
OR REPLACE and IF NOT EXISTS are mutually exclusive.
IF NOT EXISTS
If a function with the same name and arguments exists, return without creating the function.
OR REPLACE and IF NOT EXISTS are mutually exclusive.
[
database
.]
schema
Database and schema. The default schema is
public
. If you specify a database, it must be the current database.function
- Name of the function to create, which must conform to the conventions described in Identifiers.
argname
argtype
[,...]- A comma-delimited list of argument names and their data types. Complex types are not supported.
return_type
- The data type that this function returns. Complex types are not supported.
RETURN
expression
- The SQL function body, which can contain built-in functions, operators, and argument names specified in the CREATE FUNCTION statement. The expression must end with a semicolon.
Note
CREATE FUNCTION allows only one RETURN expression. Return expressions do not support the following:
-
FROM, WHERE, GROUP BY, ORDER BY, and LIMIT clauses
-
Aggregation, analytics, and meta-functions
-
Privileges
Non-superuser:
-
CREATE privilege on the function's schema
-
USAGE privilege on the function's library
Strictness and volatility
Vertica infers the strictness and volatility (stable, immutable, or volatile) of a SQL function from its definition. Vertica then determines the correctness of usage, such as where an immutable function is expected but a volatile function is provided.
SQL functions and views
You can create views on the queries that use SQL functions and then query the views. When you create a view, a SQL function replaces a call to the user-defined function with the function body in a view definition. Therefore, when the body of the user-defined function is replaced, the view should also be replaced.
Examples
See Creating user-defined SQL functions.