事件系列模式匹配
搜索事件模式时,您可以使用 SQL MATCH 子句 语法来筛选大量历史数据。您可以将模式指定为正则表达式,然后可以在输入事件序列内搜索该模式。MATCH 提供了分析数据分区和排序的子句,以及对连续行集执行的模式匹配。
如果您想在点击流分析中根据用户的 Web 浏览行为(页面点击)确定用户的操作,那么模式匹配就尤其有用。典型的在线点击流漏斗是:
公司主页 -> 产品主页 -> 搜索 -> 结果 -> 在线购买
您可以使用此单击流漏斗,在用户的 Web 点击序列中搜索匹配并标识该用户:
-
登录公司主页
-
导航至产品页面
-
运行查询
-
单击搜索结果中的链接
-
购买
单击流漏斗架构
此主题中的示例使用了此点击流漏斗以及以下 clickstream_log
表架构:
=> CREATE TABLE clickstream_log (
uid INT, --user ID
sid INT, --browsing session ID, produced by previous sessionization computation
ts TIME, --timestamp that occurred during the user's page visit
refURL VARCHAR(20), --URL of the page referencing PageURL
pageURL VARCHAR(20), --URL of the page being visited
action CHAR(1) --action the user took after visiting the page ('P' = Purchase, 'V' = View)
);
INSERT INTO clickstream_log VALUES (1,100,'12:00','website1.com','website2.com/home', 'V');
INSERT INTO clickstream_log VALUES (1,100,'12:01','website2.com/home','website2.com/floby', 'V');
INSERT INTO clickstream_log VALUES (1,100,'12:02','website2.com/floby','website2.com/shamwow', 'V');
INSERT INTO clickstream_log values (1,100,'12:03','website2.com/shamwow','website2.com/buy', 'P');
INSERT INTO clickstream_log values (2,100,'12:10','website1.com','website2.com/home', 'V');
INSERT INTO clickstream_log values (2,100,'12:11','website2.com/home','website2.com/forks', 'V');
INSERT INTO clickstream_log values (2,100,'12:13','website2.com/forks','website2.com/buy', 'P');
COMMIT;
以下为 clickstream_log 表的输出:
=> SELECT * FROM clickstream_log;
uid | sid | ts | refURL | pageURL | action
-----+-----+----------+----------------------+----------------------+--------
1 | 100 | 12:00:00 | website1.com | website2.com/home | V
1 | 100 | 12:01:00 | website2.com/home | website2.com/floby | V
1 | 100 | 12:02:00 | website2.com/floby | website2.com/shamwow | V
1 | 100 | 12:03:00 | website2.com/shamwow | website2.com/buy | P
2 | 100 | 12:10:00 | website1.com | website2.com/home | V
2 | 100 | 12:11:00 | website2.com/home | website2.com/forks | V
2 | 100 | 12:13:00 | website2.com/forks | website2.com/buy | P
(7 rows)
示例
此示例包括 Vertica MATCH 子句函数,以便分析用户在 website2.com 上的浏览历史记录。它会确定用户执行以下任务的模式:
-
从其他网站登录 website2.com(进入)
-
浏览任意数量的其他页面(站内)
-
做出购买(购买)
在以下语句中,模式 P (Entry Onsite* Purchase
) 包括三种事件类型:进入、站内和购买。当 Vertica 在输入表中找到匹配时,相关模式实例必须是一个进入事件类型,且后跟零个或多个站内事件类型以及一个购买事件类型
=> SELECT uid,
sid,
ts,
refurl,
pageurl,
action,
event_name(),
pattern_id(),
match_id()
FROM clickstream_log
MATCH
(PARTITION BY uid, sid ORDER BY ts
DEFINE
Entry AS RefURL NOT ILIKE '%website2.com%' AND PageURL ILIKE '%website2.com%',
Onsite AS PageURL ILIKE '%website2.com%' AND Action='V',
Purchase AS PageURL ILIKE '%website2.com%' AND Action = 'P'
PATTERN
P AS (Entry Onsite* Purchase)
ROWS MATCH FIRST EVENT);
在以下输出中,前四行代表用户 1 的浏览活动的模式,而剩下三行显示了用户 2 的浏览习惯。
uid | sid | ts | refurl | pageurl | action | event_name | pattern_id | match_id
-----+-----+----------+----------------------+----------------------+--------+------------+------------+----------
1 | 100 | 12:00:00 | website1.com | website2.com/home | V | Entry | 1 | 1
1 | 100 | 12:01:00 | website2.com/home | website2.com/floby | V | Onsite | 1 | 2
1 | 100 | 12:02:00 | website2.com/floby | website2.com/shamwow | V | Onsite | 1 | 3
1 | 100 | 12:03:00 | website2.com/shamwow | website2.com/buy | P | Purchase | 1 | 4
2 | 100 | 12:10:00 | website1.com | website2.com/home | V | Entry | 1 | 1
2 | 100 | 12:11:00 | website2.com/home | website2.com/forks | V | Onsite | 1 | 2
2 | 100 | 12:13:00 | website2.com/forks | website2.com/buy | P | Purchase | 1 | 3
(7 rows)