使用 COPY LOCAL 从客户端进行流式数据传输
COPY LOCAL 将数据从客户端系统文件流式传输到 Vertica 数据库。此语句通过 ODBC 驱动程序进行工作,从而简化了将数据文件从客户端传输到服务器的任务。
COPY LOCAL 通过 ODBC 驱动程序以透明方式工作。当客户端应用程序执行 COPY LOCAL 语句时,ODBC 驱动程序将从客户端读取数据文件并将其流式传输到服务器。
注意
COPY LOCAL 必须是查询中的第一条语句,否则 Vertica 会返回错误。此示例演示如何使用 COPY LOCAL 语句从客户端系统加载数据:
// Some standard headers
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
// Only needed for Windows clients
// #include <windows.h>
// Standard ODBC headers
#include <sql.h>
#include <sqltypes.h>
#include <sqlext.h>
int main()
{
// Set up the ODBC environment
SQLRETURN ret;
SQLHENV hdlEnv;
ret = SQLAllocHandle(SQL_HANDLE_ENV, SQL_NULL_HANDLE, &hdlEnv);
if(!SQL_SUCCEEDED(ret)) {
printf("Could not allocate a handle.\n");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
} else {
printf("Allocated an environment handle.\n");
}
// Tell ODBC that the application uses ODBC 3.
ret = SQLSetEnvAttr(hdlEnv, SQL_ATTR_ODBC_VERSION,
(SQLPOINTER) SQL_OV_ODBC3, SQL_IS_UINTEGER);
if(!SQL_SUCCEEDED(ret)) {
printf("Could not set application version to ODBC3.\n");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
} else {
printf("Set application to ODBC 3.\n");
}
// Allocate a database handle.
SQLHDBC hdlDbc;
ret = SQLAllocHandle(SQL_HANDLE_DBC, hdlEnv, &hdlDbc);
if(!SQL_SUCCEEDED(ret)) {
printf("Could not aalocate a database handle.\n");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
} else {
printf("Set application to ODBC 3.\n");
}
// Connect to the database
printf("Connecting to database.\n");
const char *dsnName = "ExampleDB";
const char* userID = "dbadmin";
const char* passwd = "password123";
ret = SQLConnect(hdlDbc, (SQLCHAR*)dsnName,
SQL_NTS,(SQLCHAR*)userID,SQL_NTS,
(SQLCHAR*)passwd, SQL_NTS);
if(!SQL_SUCCEEDED(ret)) {
printf("Could not connect to database.\n");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
} else {
printf("Connected to database.\n");
}
// Set up a statement handle
SQLHSTMT hdlStmt;
SQLAllocHandle(SQL_HANDLE_STMT, hdlDbc, &hdlStmt);
// Create table to hold the data
SQLExecDirect(hdlStmt, (SQLCHAR*)"DROP TABLE IF EXISTS customers",
SQL_NTS);
SQLExecDirect(hdlStmt, (SQLCHAR*)"CREATE TABLE customers"
"(Last_Name char(50) NOT NULL, First_Name char(50),Email char(50), "
"Phone_Number char(15));",
SQL_NTS);
// Run the copy command to load data.
ret=SQLExecDirect(hdlStmt, (SQLCHAR*)"COPY customers "
"FROM LOCAL '/home/dbadmin/customers.txt'",
SQL_NTS);
if(!SQL_SUCCEEDED(ret)) {
printf("Data was not successfully loaded.\n");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
} else {
// Get number of rows added.
SQLLEN numRows;
ret=SQLRowCount(hdlStmt, &numRows);
printf("Successfully inserted %d rows.\n", numRows);
}
// COPY commits automatically, unless it is told not to, so
// there is no need to commit the transaction.
// Clean up
printf("Free handles.\n");
ret = SQLDisconnect( hdlDbc );
if(!SQL_SUCCEEDED(ret)) {
printf("Error disconnecting. Transaction still open?\n");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
SQLFreeHandle(SQL_HANDLE_STMT, hdlStmt);
SQLFreeHandle(SQL_HANDLE_DBC, hdlDbc);
SQLFreeHandle(SQL_HANDLE_ENV, hdlEnv);
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
除了使用 COPY 语句的 LOCAL 选项从客户端系统而非数据库节点的文件系统加载数据之外,此示例与使用 COPY 语句中所示的示例基本相同。